What is the supreme law of the land?

The Constitution is referred to as the supreme law of the land because it establishes the foundational legal framework for the United States government and its relationship with the states and the citizens. Article VI of the Constitution clearly states that the Constitution and the laws made in accordance with it are binding on all judges in every state, meaning that no state laws can contradict or override it. This principle ensures a uniform legal system across the nation and protects the rights of individuals against infringement by both state and federal authorities.

The Declaration of Independence, while a significant historical document that articulates the principles of liberty and democracy, does not function as a governing legal framework. It primarily announces the separation of the American colonies from British rule and outlines the philosophical justification for doing so.

The Bill of Rights refers to the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which specifically enumerate and protect individual civil liberties but are part of the larger constitutional framework rather than standing as a separate supreme law.

The Articles of Confederation served as the first governing document of the United States before the Constitution was adopted but were ultimately ineffective in providing a strong federal government, leading to their replacement. Thus, they do not hold the same legal authority as the Constitution.