Which document declares the rights of the citizen?

The Bill of Rights is the correct choice because it specifically enumerates and guarantees the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals in the United States. Ratified in 1791, the Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, each explicitly detailing various protections against government overreach, such as the freedoms of speech, religion, and assembly, the right to bear arms, and protections against unreasonable searches and seizures.

While the Constitution itself establishes the framework of the government and outlines the powers of its various branches, it does not directly state individual rights in the same way the Bill of Rights does. The Declaration of Independence, though a significant historic document that articulates the principles of individual liberty and the concept of governance based on the consent of the governed, does not serve as a legal basis for the rights of citizens. The Articles of Confederation, which served as the first constitution for the United States, primarily focused on the structure of government rather than the rights of individuals, making the Bill of Rights the definitive document that declares and protects citizens' rights.