Which of the following is a right only for United States citizens?

Voting in federal elections is a right specifically reserved for United States citizens. This restriction is rooted in the principles of democratic governance, where the authority to participate in the selection of representatives and decision-makers is granted only to those who hold citizenship. Citizenship generally entails a legal relationship with the government, providing individuals with specific rights and responsibilities, including the fundamental civic duty to vote.

In contrast, the other options listed, such as freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and the right to a fair trial, are rights afforded to all individuals within the jurisdiction of the United States, regardless of their citizenship status. These rights are vital components of the First Amendment and other constitutional protections and are integral to maintaining a democratic society, ensuring that both citizens and non-citizens have a foundation for expression and legal protection.